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Which insurance do I need in Germany? A guide by life situation

Germany has a reputation as a nation of insurance buyers, and newcomers are often sold far more than they need. Only a few policies are compulsory, and a handful more are genuinely important. This guide sorts them for ten common situations, starting with the one most readers are in: new to the country.

Which insurance do I need?

The rule: existential risks first, expensive ones second, comfort last

First insure what could ruin you financially: unlimited liability towards others under the German Civil Code, the loss of your income through illness, and your house if you own one. Then losses that hurt but will not ruin you, such as replacing the contents of a flat. Comfort cover such as dental top-ups or travel extras comes last.

Pay small losses yourself. Every premium carries administration costs, so insuring a phone or glasses costs more over the years than it pays out. Compulsory in Germany are health insurance with long-term care cover for everyone, motor liability for every registered vehicle and, in several federal states, dog liability.

Single and employed

With a German employment contract you are in statutory health insurance unless you earn above…

Only in certain cases
  • Term life insurance

    It protects people who depend on your income.

    Without dependants or a mortgage there is nothing to protect.

  • Hospital daily cash

    Your employer keeps paying salary for six weeks of illness, then the health fund pays sick pay.

    A daily payment for hospital stays fills no real gap.

Couple without children

When you move in together, merge contracts: one couple policy for liability and one contents…

Only in certain cases
  • Two separate liability policies

    A couple policy covers both partners in the same household.

    Keeping two is paying twice.

  • Travel luggage insurance

    Contents insurance covers burglary and robbery while travelling up to a limit.

Family with children

Children change the priorities: protect the income the family lives on, with term life and…

Only in certain cases
  • Education savings insurance

    It combines saving and life cover, both at higher cost than separately,

    and cancelling early loses money.

  • Child disability insurance before your own cover

    Useful, but expensive.

    Secure the parents' income first, then consider it.

Home owner

Buildings insurance is not compulsory by law, but every mortgage lender requires it. Add…

Only in certain cases
  • Bank payment protection insurance

    Usually far more expensive than term life with the same sum, and often sold as part of the loan.

  • Glass insurance

    Unless you have large glass fronts or a conservatory,

    premiums over the years exceed the likely loss.

Self-employed or freelancer

Freelancers must organise health insurance themselves and usually have no statutory pension…

Only in certain cases
  • Hospital daily cash

    Your real risk is lost income during long illness, which needs sick pay cover,

    not a small daily amount in hospital.

  • Separate insurance for one laptop

    One device is replaced from the business account.

    Equipment cover pays off only for expensive kit.

Small business with staff

With employees you are liable for their mistakes at customers' premises, so business…

Only in certain cases
  • Separate policies per device

    Contents or electronic equipment cover with one overall sum handles all equipment in a single

    contract.

New in Germany

Health insurance is compulsory from the day you live here, statutory through your employer or…

Only in certain cases
  • Travel or expat health plan as permanent cover

    Such plans usually do not meet the German legal requirements for health insurance and often end

    after a fixed period.

  • Savings life insurance if you may leave soon

    Most costs fall in the first years,

    so cancelling after a short stay returns much less than you paid in.

Frequently asked questions

Questions and answers

Frequently asked

Which insurance is mandatory in Germany?

Health insurance including long-term care for everyone living here,

motor liability for every registered vehicle, dog liability in several states,

liability for drones and professional indemnity for some professions.

Personal liability is voluntary but almost universal.

Should I choose statutory or private health insurance?

Employees earning below 77,400 euros a year (2026) have no choice and join a statutory fund.

Above that, or when self-employed, private cover is possible.

Think long term: returning from private to statutory insurance is difficult and after 55 generally

impossible.

What is Haftpflichtversicherung and why does everyone have it?

Personal liability insurance pays if you damage someone else's property or injure someone.

German law has no upper limit on liability, so one accident can cost millions.

It costs little, which is why nearly every household has it.

Can I keep my car insurance from home?

Once your car is registered in Germany it needs German motor insurance.

Ask your previous insurer for a claims history letter;

some German insurers accept it for a better no-claims class, others start you as a new driver.

Do I need insurance to rent a flat in Germany?

No insurance is legally required for tenants,

but many landlords ask for proof of personal liability.

It also covers damage to the rented flat, which the deposit alone would not.

Is my insurance from home valid in Germany?

Health cover from another EU country applies only in certain cases, for example posted workers.

Contents, liability and motor policies are usually tied to your home country address.

Check each contract once you register your address here.

When should I review my insurance?

At each major change: first job, moving in together, children, buying property, going freelance,

and before leaving Germany.

Older contracts often have weaker terms than current ones at the same price.

One request for everything

Pick the types, give the details insurers need, get a comparison.